The UN refugee agency (UNHCR) has launched an urgent $40.4 million appeal to address the growing humanitarian crisis caused by ongoing violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which has led to tens of thousands of people seeking refuge in Burundi.
Brigitte Mukanga-Eno, UNHCR’s representative in Burundi, said more than 40,000 Congolese citizens, mostly women and children, have arrived in Burundi since the beginning of February. The influx includes more than 9,000 people crossing the border in a single day, with many resorting to dangerous routes such as crossing the Rusizi River in a desperate bid for safety.
Many of those fleeing come from conflict-hit areas such as Goma and have been displaced multiple times by previous conflicts. UNHCR teams noted a worrying increase in the number of unaccompanied minors among arrivals, with many children being separated from their families during their journey.
Overcrowding and Health Risks
The Burundi government immediately granted refugee status to those fleeing the DRC conflict, providing immediate access to protection and assistance. However, urgent humanitarian needs such as shelter, food, sanitation and medical care remain.
Mukanga-Eno warned that overcrowding was increasing health risks, particularly as cases of measles have been reported among refugees. UNHCR and local organizations are providing emergency supplies and meals, and work is underway to accommodate refugees at the Musenyi facility, which can accommodate up to 10,000 people. The government is also working to establish additional facilities to ease congestion.
Regional Impact and Funding Concerns
The crisis extends beyond Burundi, with neighboring countries such as Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania and Zambia expected to accept thousands more. UNHCR estimates that up to 258,000 people could be affected, including refugees, asylum seekers and returnees.
While movements to other countries are lower, with around 15,000 arrivals recorded in January, the situation remains precarious. Mukanga-Eno warned that without urgent financial support, humanitarian conditions could deteriorate as the crisis deepens.