The African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) has officially handed over control of the Kuday Forward Operating Base (FOB) to Somali military forces, marking a significant milestone in the ongoing transition of security responsibilities in the country.
Located near the strategic port city of Kismayo, Kuday has been under the management of the Kenya Defense Forces (KDF) since 2015, operating as part of ATMIS’s efforts to stabilize the region. The base has played a vital role in securing the port and surrounding areas against militant threats. With ATMIS set to complete its withdrawal from Somalia by the end of 2024, this handover underscores Somalia’s growing capacity to take charge of its own security, despite ongoing challenges.
Col. Suleiman Ibrahim, ATMIS Military Chief Engineer, stated that the handover demonstrates Somalia’s readiness and commitment to assume full control of its security, with the continued support of ATMIS. He acknowledged the vital contributions made by the KDF in stabilizing the region and encouraged Somali forces to build upon the successes of their predecessors.
As part of the transition, the handover includes the transfer of various UN-owned equipment, including generators and solar panels, to the Somali forces.
The liberation of Kuday from Al-Shabaab in 2015 was a significant achievement for Somali forces, supported by ATMIS. Since then, the base has been crucial in enhancing stability in southern Somalia and facilitating Kismayo’s economic recovery. However, Al-Shabaab continues to pose a persistent threat, frequently launching attacks across the country.
While the transfer of Kuday signifies progress, the Somali Security Forces (SSF) face considerable challenges as they prepare to take full responsibility for security throughout the nation. Issues such as slow recruitment processes and a lack of essential capabilities—such as air support for remote areas—continue to impede operational effectiveness. Experts warn that unless these challenges are addressed, the gains made in recent years could be at risk.
Brigadier Rashid Seif, ATMIS Sector Two Commander, oversaw the handover ceremony, emphasizing its importance for both ATMIS and the Somali government. He highlighted the extensive discussions and planning involved in this transition and expressed confidence in the Somali forces’ ability to maintain security in this crucial region.
Maj. Hud Tohwari, the incoming FOB commander, expressed optimism regarding the base’s continued role in safeguarding the region. “We will collaborate with allied forces to ensure security and stability in Lower Juba,” he stated, signing the official handover documents alongside representatives from ATMIS and the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS).
ATMIS, which transitioned from the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) in 2022, has already withdrawn 2,000 troops in the third phase of its drawdown, with earlier bases handed over, including Barire, El Eglow, and Jowhar.
Looking ahead, Somalia’s security will be supported by a new mission—the African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM)—set to begin in January 2025. AUSSOM will succeed ATMIS, but it will operate with fewer resources and a smaller troop footprint. The success of this new mission will heavily rely on international support, especially in addressing gaps in Somalia’s military capabilities.
Funding will be crucial for AUSSOM’s effectiveness. ATMIS has experienced a significant financial shortfall, reporting a deficit of approximately $150 million since April 2022. International donors are currently discussing new funding mechanisms to ensure that the successor mission is adequately resourced. The United Nations Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS) is expected to continue its logistical support for the mission.
Despite the strides made in transitioning security responsibilities to Somali forces, Al-Shabaab remains a serious threat. The militant group frequently targets both military and civilian sites, endangering the region’s stability. Maj. Sakariye Mohamed Omar of the Somali National Army stressed the need for regional cooperation to combat the group. “Al-Shabaab isn’t just a threat to Somalia; it endangers Kenya, Ethiopia, and the entire region. We must unite to defeat this common adversary,” he asserted during the handover ceremony.