On October 31, 1984, Indira Gandhi’s assassination shocked the world and profoundly impacted African political movements. This article explores the international responses to her death and its significance across the continent.
The Immediate Aftermath
Indira Gandhi was killed by her Sikh bodyguards in retaliation for Operation Blue Star, a military action against Sikh militants. Her assassination ignited unrest in India, leading to anti-Sikh riots and thousands of deaths.
International leaders expressed their condolences. U.S. President Ronald Reagan called her a “great leader,” while British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher praised her as a “remarkable woman.” Soviet General Secretary Konstantin Chernenko also mourned the loss of a key ally.
Indira Gandhi’s Legacy in Africa
Indira Gandhi’s legacy in Africa was defined by her support for liberation movements. In the 1960s, she reassessed India’s Africa policy and undertook an “African Safari” in 1964 to strengthen ties with the continent. She provided financial and material aid to groups like the African National Congress (ANC) in South Africa and SWAPO in Namibia, positioning India as a supporter of anti-colonial efforts.
Her establishment of the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) programme in 1964 aimed to offer training and expertise to African nations, reinforcing economic relations and solidarity.
Impact on African Political Movements
Indira Gandhi was revered in Africa as a symbol of strength and resilience. Following her assassination, there was widespread grief. In South Africa, Nelson Mandela expressed his sorrow through his lawyers, recognizing her as a vital ally in the anti-apartheid movement.
Kenya’s President Daniel arap Moi declared a national mourning period, commending her unwavering support for African independence. Nigeria’s President Muhammadu Buhari also extended condolences, highlighting her efforts to foster solidarity among developing nations. The Organization of African Unity (OAU) mourned her loss and reaffirmed its commitment to her principles.
Tanzania’s President Julius Nyerere, a close ally, expressed deep sadness, reflecting on their collaboration against colonialism. Across Africa, media outlets celebrated her as a bridge-builder between Asia and Africa, emphasizing her advocacy for the oppressed. Many leaders viewed her assassination as a reminder of the vulnerabilities faced by progressive leaders worldwide.
Indira Gandhi’s assassination was a pivotal moment that resonated deeply in India and globally. In Africa, her death marked the loss of a staunch ally in the struggle for justice and liberation. This tragedy highlighted the interconnectedness of global political movements and Indira Gandhi’s enduring legacy in the pursuit of justice and equality across borders.
