Tensions in Mozambique have intensified following the recent call for a week-long nationwide strike by opposition leader Venancio Mondlane, who has gone missing. The strike, set to begin on October 31, is a protest against the controversial results of the October 9 presidential election.
The ruling Frelimo Party, which has been in power for 49 years, secured a significant victory in the election, with its candidate, Daniel Chapo, reportedly receiving 71% of the vote. In contrast, Mondlane, representing the Podemos party, garnered just 20%. This outcome has drawn criticism from opposition parties and international observers, who have highlighted numerous alleged irregularities throughout the electoral process.
Speaking during a Facebook Live session from an undisclosed location, Mondlane declared, “We’re going to start a public demonstration — a week-long strike,” and revealed that he had “crossed four borders” to communicate this message, raising concerns about his safety.
The call for a nationwide strike represents a bold challenge to Frelimo’s long-standing rule and has sparked fears of increased unrest in a nation already grappling with post-election violence. Protests erupted on October 10, the day after the election results were announced, and quickly escalated into violence, resulting in at least 11 police deaths and over 50 injuries, according to Human Rights Watch. In contrast, the Mozambique Republic Police (PRM) initially reported only two deaths and 20 injuries. The PRM has since opened a criminal investigation into Mondlane and his supporters for alleged “arson and possession of a firearm.”
PRM spokesperson Orlando Mudumane confirmed that a criminal case has been initiated against Mondlane, cautioning that his call for a national strike could exacerbate the already volatile situation. Interior Minister Pascoal Ronda warned against violent actions, asserting that such behavior does not solve underlying issues and assured that security forces would work to maintain order.
The unrest has not only threatened the nation’s stability but has also severely impacted its economy. The Confederation of Economic Associations of Mozambique reported losses of approximately 1.4 billion meticais (around $2.19 million) due to disruptions in economic activities linked to the protests. Political analyst José Gama emphasized that weak electoral management and a lack of transparency have contributed to public disenchantment with the electoral system.
The Human Rights Commission of the Mozambican Bar Association has raised alarms about increasing violence against demonstrators. Ferosa Zacarias, the commission’s head, criticized the government’s approach, stating that authorities must engage with the opposition’s concerns rather than suppress dissent.
International reactions have varied, with the European Union raising concerns about the legitimacy of the election results, suggesting they may have been manipulated, while France received congratulations from allies like Angola and China. Ossufo Momade, leader of the historical opposition party Renamo, condemned the election as a violation of fundamental rights.
Tensions escalated further following the recent murders of Elvino Dias, Mondlane’s legal adviser, and Paulo Guambe, a senior official with Podemos, who were killed by unidentified gunmen in Maputo shortly after the election. These killings have sparked outrage, with many suspecting political motives, although the Frelimo government has denied involvement.
As the unrest continues, discussions regarding a potential coalition government have emerged, with advocacy groups like the Public Integrity Centre (CIP) urging opposition parties to unite against what they characterize as the most fraudulent elections since 1999. However, the prospect of such a coalition remains uncertain as the government continues to suppress opposition efforts.
