Somaliland’s strategic location has made it a hotspot for global powers. Once a British colony,Somaliland shares borders with Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Somalia as its breakaway region and has been self-governing since it declared independence from Somalia in 1991. Situated along the Gulf of Aden and near the Bab Al-Mandab Strait, a crucial maritime passage for global trade, Somaliland’s 460-mile coastline plays a vital role in securing this important sea route. The region is pivotal for ensuring the safety of the Bab Al-Mandab Strait and the Red Sea, as well as combatting piracy, terrorism, and smuggling.
Israel has shown interest in Somaliland, driven by security and economic goals. Lacking geographic depth, Israel views a presence in Somaliland as key to enhancing its national security, particularly in efforts to counter Iranian influence and Houthi forces in Yemen. As the Horn of Africa’s geopolitical importance grows, Somaliland emerges as a potential partner for Israel in areas such as agriculture, energy, and infrastructure. Recognition of Somaliland by Israel and greater investment could boost Israel’s position in Africa and extend its influence in the region.
Competition for influence in the Horn of Africa is intense. China has poured investments into regional ports, Turkiye has set up a base in Somalia, and the UAE has built a military presence in Somaliland, with ties dating back to 2017. The UAE has developed the Berbera port and helped train Somaliland’s security forces, all while normalizing relations with Israel under the Abraham Accords. Diplomatic sources reveal that the UAE is mediating for Israel to establish a military base in Somaliland, with both nations sharing concerns over the Iran-backed Houthi forces in Yemen.
Israel’s relationship with Somaliland could follow the UAE’s model of regional expansion. Moreover, there are reports that Israel and the UAE are jointly planning to establish a military base on Yemen’s Socotra Island as part of broader efforts to curb Iranian influence. Recognizing Somaliland could bring Israel various advantages, from security enhancements to new economic opportunities and stronger diplomatic ties in this highly strategic area.
However, Israel’s aggressive stance and occupation policies might hinder this potential partnership. Many Somalis in the region are staunchly supportive of Palestine and the oppressed people of Gaza, which could fuel opposition to any collaboration with Israel. Despite this, Somaliland’s separatist politicians, eager for international recognition and United Nations membership, might overlook public sentiment and pursue such a partnership. This disconnect between leadership and the people’s views could lead Somaliland to engage with Israel, despite significant local resistance.